大学英语之阅读理解解题指导——主旨题

main idea 题型是典型的主旨题，即提问文章大意，除此之外，主旨题还包括标题类、写作意图类。

1. 技巧点拨

(1)首尾段策略。有些文章的主题句会出现在首段或尾段，故要重点理解首尾段，预测文章主旨;

(2)穿线法。注重分析每段的首尾句，尤其是首句，然后再把每段的中心要点穿起来，整体概括文章主旨;

(3)注意焦点。需要注意在文章中多次重复出现的词，可能是同一词或者同义词、同类词，这类

词汇往往和文章主旨相关。

*注意： a.优先考虑概括性较强的选项;

b.若有标题，通过文章标题或小标题预测主旨;

c.注重文章细节，只见树木不见森林的选项为错误选项。

2. 典例示范

High school students in the U.S. increasingly have a new option to challenge themselves: the International Baccalaureate, or IB. The program is a demanding two-year curriculum. It aims to prepare students for college-level work, support independent research, and teach the value of a diverse world.To earn an IB diploma, students must spend their third and fourth year of high school in the program. It requires the ability to use English, as well as the study of another language. It also requires classes in math, science,social science, art, a class on theory of knowledge,a 4000-word paper, presentations and 150 recommended hours of community service.Colleen Duffy, the marketing manager for the International Baccalaureate Organization, said what many people do not understand about IB is that it is not a study abroad program — students do not travel to a different country to study. Rather, it was created in Switzerland for families who often moved from one country to another and wanted an internationally accepted curriculum.

Q: What is the passage mainly about?

A. How the IB program is viewed by the public.

B. How the IB program operates in high schools.

C. Why the IB program is introduced from Europe.

D. Why the IB program is popular around the world.

【答案】B。解析：主旨题。题干：这篇文章主要关于什么?首先开篇第一段统领全文，第一句就点明了文章的重点讨论对象：High school students in the U.S. increasingly have a new option to challenge themselves: the International Baccalaureate, or IB.(美国高中生逐渐有了一个挑战自我的新选择：国际文凭(International Baccalaureate，简称 IB));接着后续每段分述：第二段首句 To earn an IB diploma, students must spend their third and fourth year of high school in the program.(要获得 IB 文凭，学生必须完成高中三、四年级的课程)引出了获得 IB 文凭的条件;而第三段通过引用国际文凭组织的市场经理的话点出设立IB 文凭的目的。因此，该文章的主旨可总结为介绍高中生如何获得 IB(国际学士学位)，B 选项“IB项目在高中的运作方式”与文章主旨对应。其余三项：A“公众是如何看待 IB 项目的”，C“为什么从欧洲引进 IB 计划”，D“为什么 IB 项目在世界范围内很受欢迎”，均未在文中体现，故排除。

综上，正确答案为 B。